English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic
Basic English Grammar – 12 English Tenses B
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It is import to learn and memorize 12 Tenses Dear students it is important to learn in detail and memorize 12 tenses as they are the foundation of many other topics to come. You are going to learn these grammar topics in secondary school (the passive, reported speech, conditionals and so on). All these topics relate 12 tenses. That is why I have prepared this booklet and recorded its explanations, insha allah I hope it is benefit to many students.
Important Grammar Terms  Grammar means putting the right words to the position  Subject is the person or thing doing the action. (He, she, it, they, we, you, I)  Verb is a word which tells us what is being done. (Go, sleep, play, drink, watch, give)  Object is the person or thing receiving the action.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic
There are 12 tenses in English which are important in grammar.
Let us understand these four parts in each of these 12 tenses.
 Formula  Usage  Example  Question and negatives
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 1- SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Form: subject + verb + object Usage: simple present is used for an action which happens every day. He She It
+ es/s
O, X, CH, SH, SS
Examples 1. She washes the cloths every week. 2. He eats maize every night. 3. They play foot ball in the afternoon.
Questions and Negatives He
they
She
does
we
It
do
you I
Examples 1. Q: Does she wash the cloths every week? N: she does not wash the cloths every week. 2. Q: does he eat maize every night? N: he does not eat maize every night. 3. Q: Do they play foot ball in the afternoon? N: they do not play football in the afternoon. Prepared by Cali Nabadoon Email: [email protected] Mobile: 063 4667222 (4 )
English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed goes to school every day. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We watch the television every night. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2- PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Form: subject + is/are/am + verb + ing + object Usage: present continuous is used for an action which is happening at the moment. He they She + is we + are I + am It you
Examples 1. She is washing the cloths now. 2. They are playing football at the moment. 3. I am eating maize now.
Questions and negatives 1. Q: is she washing the cloths now? N: she is not washing the cloths now. 2. Q: Are they playing football at the moment? N: they are not playing football at the moment.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 3. Q: Am I eating maize now? N: I am not eating maize now. Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed is going to school at the moment. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We are watching television now. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Form: subject + have/has + verb (past participle) + object Usage: present perfect tense is used for an action which have just completed. He
they
She + has
we
It
you
+ have
I Examples 1. She has washed the cloths. 2. They have played football.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic Questions and negatives 1. Q: has she washed the cloths? N: she has not washed the clothes. 2. Q: Have they played football? N: they have not played football. Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed has gone to school. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We have watched the television. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
4- PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Form: subject + have/has + been + verb + ing + object Usage: present perfect continuous is used for an action which has started in the past and still continues. Examples 1. She has been washing the cloths. 2. They have been playing football.
Questions and negatives The questions and the negatives will be done as the above tense that have auxiliaries. Prepared by Cali Nabadoon Email: [email protected] Mobile: 063 4667222 (7 )
English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic Note: it is import for every student to classify regular and irregular verbs. Memorize these irregular verbs so the others are regular. Present
past
past participle
Present
past
past participle
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 5- SIMPLE PAST TENSE Form: subject + verb (past) + object Usage: simple past is used for an action which happened sometime in the past. Examples 1. She washed the cloths yesterday. 2. They ate maize last night.
Questions and negatives 1. Q: did she wash the cloths yesterday? N: she did not wash the cloths yesterday. 2. Q: Did they eat maize last night? N: they did not eat maize last night.
Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed went to school yesterday. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We watched the television last night. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 6- PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE Form: subject + was/were + verb + ing + object Usage: Past continuous is used for an action which was happening sometime in the past.
She He
they + was
we
It
+ were
you
I
Examples 1. She was washing the cloths yesterday. 2. They were eating maize last night. Note: all the other tenses have auxiliary verbs except (simple present and simple past) and therefore their question and negative forms will be done as we did before with the other tenses.
Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed was going to school yesterday. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We were watching television last night. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 7- PAST PERFECT TENSE Form: subject + had + verb (past participle) + object Usage: Past perfect is used for an action which had happened before another action in the past. Examples 1. She had washed the cloths before she left the house. 2. They had eaten maize before they slept.
Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed had gone to school. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We had watched the television. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
8- PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Form: subject + had + been + verb + ing + object Usage: Past perfect continuous is used to talk about a past event that had been in progress. Examples 1. She had been washing the cloths. 2. They had been eating maize.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 9- SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE Form: subject + will/shall + verb + object Usage: simple future is used for an action which will happen sometime in the future.
She
I
He
+ shall
It
will
we
They You
Examples 1. She will wash the cloths tomorrow. 2. They will eat maize next day.
Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed will go to school tomorrow. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We shall watch the television next night. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic 10- FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE Form: subject + will/shall + be + verb + ing + object Usage: future continuous is used for an action which will be in progress sometime in the future. Examples 1. She will be washing the cloths. 2. They will be eating maize.
11- FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Form: subject + will/shall + have + verb (past participle) + object Usage: future perfect is used for an action which will have completed at some point in the future. Examples 1. She will have washed the cloths by this week. 2. He will have eaten the maize by the sun set.
Exercise Make these sentences question and negative 1. Ahmed will have gone to school by next year. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We will have watched the television. Q: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… N: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… Prepared by Cali Nabadoon Email: [email protected] Mobile: 063 4667222 (13 )
English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic
12- FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Form: subject + will/shall + been + verb + ing + object Usage: like future perfect tense, future perfect continuous is used for unfinished action that will be completed in the future. Examples 1. she will have been washing the cloths 2. He will have been eating maize.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic
 Now, test yourself getting help from your friend or another person. Did you understand all the 12 tenses, their forms, usage, and examples.
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English Grammar – 12 Tense in Basic
Basic English Grammar – 12 Tenses This small booklet contains English 12 tenses with basic explanations. It is for the students who want to build their basic grammar to continue higher levels like the passive and the reported speech. Furthermore, I have followed the book a recorded explanations to make the students easier to understand.
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Other available booklets  Passive voice and conditionals  Reported speech and wishes
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